![]() External validity Whether results of the study can be generalized to other situations and other people. Confounding factors often impact the internal validity of an experiment. Internal validity extent to which a causal conclusion based on a study is warranted. Clinical trials highly controlled interventional studies Randomized controlled trial people studied randomly given one of treatments under study, used to test efficacy/side effects of medical interventions like drugs. comparing people with the disease with those who don't but are otherwise similar. Case-control study observational study where 2 groups differing in outcome are identified and compared to find a causal factor.
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